Onyx

Onyx, is a banded variety of the quartz family, and is mined in Brazil, India, Madagascar, the U.S.A, and Uruguay.

Different types of onyx include Black Onyx (most common, solid, and often treated), Arabic Onyx (which is black with white bands), Sardonyx (which is brown and white or red bands), Carnelian Onyx (which is red with white bands), and other colored varieties like Green and White Onyx, which are often layered chalcedony with different colors.

The variations are primarily distinguished by their color and banding patterns, although some solid-color types are treated with heating or dying. 

The name “Onyx” is a Greek word meaning claw or fingernail, as it was once believed that onyx was created from the goddess Venus' fingernail clippings. (super attractive huh?) Onyx is known for its durability and hardness, ranking between 6.5 and 7 on the Mohs Hardness Scale. 

Onyx (sardonyx) is talked about in the Bible as being one of the precious stones associated with God and His glory. It's listed among other gemstones in the Garden of Eden in Ezekiel 28:13 and as one of the stones in the High Priest’s ephod (priestly garment). The Book of Revelation also includes onyx among the twelve sacred gemstones. 

Note: It is best to avoid storing this material in direct sunlight as prolonged exposure can lead to fading color over time.